How to tell the difference between Extravasation and Infiltration?
Extravasation and Infiltration are complications that occur when a drug or fluid is administered through a venous access and it is leaking out of the…
Airborne vs Droplet Transmission
Germs are everywhere Some of them live in our body helping us to stay healthy. Others invade our body and multiply, provoking a body reaction.…
Fetal surgery for Spina bifida (Myelomeningocele )
What is Spina Bifida? A congenital condition developed during pregnancy, whose development of the baby's spine does not occur properly. Spina bifica can be classified as…
Tracheostomy – an artificial airway
Tracheostomy is an artificial opening / incision through the neck into the trachea, usually between the 2nd and 4th tracheal rings, allowing the opening of the airway…
Neuroblastoma vs Nephrobastoma (Wilms tumour) – the differences and similarities of these embryonic tumors
Versão portuguesa clique aqui Cancer occurs when cells in the body begin to grow out of control. It can start anywhere in the organism, and…
Bone Marrow Harvest and Transplant
What is Bone Marrow? It is the soft, spongy tissue that fills the hollow spaces of the interior of the bones, where blood is produced.…
Crash ECMO
ECMO stands for ExtraCorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, also known as ExtraCorporeal Life Support (ECLS). The aim of ECMO is not to treat the underlying patient's condition, instead…
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)
Hip dysplasia or Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) is a condition characterised by the abnormal growth of the hip, manifesting general instability or looseness of the…
Hydrocephalus: VP Shunt, ETV, ETV/CPC, EVD and ICP bolt
Hydrocephalus derives from two Greek words 'hydro' meaning water and ‘cephalus’ meaning head. This condition occurs when excessive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulates in the brain.…
Types of central venous catheters (CVC)
Permcath, Vascath, Portacath, Hickmann line, PICC line - what are the differences? Permcath® and Hickmann® line are Tunnelled catheters Vascath® is a Non-tunnelled catheter Portacath® is…